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BRONZE INSCRIPTIONS - 金文(きんぶん)

 

Usage Period and Origins

  • Establishment Period: Around the 11th century BCE (developed from the late Yin Dynasty to the Western Zhou period)
  • Oldest Example: While the prototype of writing existed before that, the most archaeologically certain example of bronze inscriptions dates back to the early Western Zhou period.
  • Excavation Site: Various bronze vessels (such as ding and zhong) found across China

Characteristics and Uses

  • Uses:
    • Cast or engraved on bronze vessels and used for royal rituals and commemorative records
    • Primarily inscribed for recording achievements, religious ceremonies, oaths, and noble titles
  • Materials:
    • Bronze vessels (ding, zhong, hu, etc.)
  • Characteristics of the Script:
    • Evolved from oracle bone script and had more structured forms
    • The script became more fluid and served as the foundation for later seal script (Zhuanshu)
    • The number of characters increased, allowing for more detailed inscriptions

 

使用時期と起源

  • 確立時期: 紀元前11世紀頃(殷王朝末期から西周時代にかけて発展)
  • 最古の例: 文字の原型はそれ以前から存在していたが、考古学的に確認されている最も確実な金文の例は西周初期のもの
  • 発掘場所: 中国各地の青銅器(鼎・鐘など)

特徴と用途

  • 用途:
    • 青銅器に鋳造または刻印され、王朝の儀式や記念の記録に使用
    • 主に功績の記録、祭祀、誓約、封爵などの目的で刻まれる
  • 素材:
    • 青銅器(鼎、鐘、壺など)
  • 文字の特徴:
    • 甲骨文字を基に発展し、より整った形状を持つ
    • 書体が流麗で、後の篆書の基礎となる
    • 文字数が増え、より詳細な内容を記すようになる